{"id":102,"date":"2024-06-07T14:33:44","date_gmt":"2024-06-07T06:33:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/?p=102"},"modified":"2024-07-15T20:14:28","modified_gmt":"2024-07-15T12:14:28","slug":"proces-tezby-bauxitu-a-oxidu-hliniteho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/the-bauxite-alumina-mining-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Proces t\u011b\u017eby bauxitu a oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Donoghue a pan Frisch jsou zam\u011bstnanci spole\u010dnosti Alcoa of Australia na pln\u00fd \u00favazek.<\/p>\n<p>Bauxit je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed surovinou pro v\u00fdrobu hlin\u00edku a nach\u00e1z\u00ed se ve velk\u00fdch lo\u017eisc\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Bauxit se drt\u00ed a va\u0159\u00ed v roztoku \u017e\u00edrav\u00e9 sody, pot\u00e9 se do n\u011bj nasypou semena hydroxidu hlinit\u00e9ho zvan\u00e9ho gibbsit, aby se vyvolalo jeho vysr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed na odpadn\u00ed \u010derven\u00e9 bahno, po n\u011bm\u017e z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ekologicky \u0161kodliv\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd kal, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 v mnoha zem\u00edch v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky.<\/p>\n<h2>Proces Bayer<\/h2>\n<p>Bauxitov\u00e1 ruda t\u011b\u017een\u00e1 pro v\u00fdrobu hlin\u00edku obsahuje hydroxidy a oxyhydroxidy hlin\u00edku2 (gibbsit, bayerit a nordstrandit), oxidy \u017eeleza2 (ferrisit a goethit) a oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd2 (rutil a diaspor). Bayer\u016fv proces chemicky p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uje tuto bauxitovou rudu na oxid hlinit\u00fd - prvn\u00ed krok k v\u00fdrob\u011b \u010dist\u00e9ho kovov\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku pomoc\u00ed Hall-Heroultova elektrolytick\u00e9ho procesu.<\/p>\n<p>Fermentace a \u010di\u0159en\u00ed jsou v procesu Bayer \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Nerozpustn\u00fd zbytek, kter\u00fd vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i vyhn\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010derven\u00e9 bahno a mus\u00ed se z ekologick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f vy\u010distit. Krom\u011b toho mus\u00ed b\u00fdt hlinit\u00fd roztok, kter\u00fd z\u016fstane po \u010di\u0159en\u00ed, vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn - pou\u017eit\u00ed \u017e\u00edrav\u00e9ho roztoku bez NaCl, \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed iontovou v\u00fdm\u011bnou nebo vysokoteplotn\u00ed slinov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pomoci kontrolovat \u00farove\u0148 ne\u010distot v t\u011bchto dvou proudech.<\/p>\n<p>\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed roztoku hlinitanu se prov\u00e1d\u00ed gravita\u010dn\u00edm usazov\u00e1n\u00edm a proplachov\u00e1n\u00edm vodou v zahu\u0161\u0165ova\u010d\u00edch (ozna\u010dovan\u00fdch tak\u00e9 jako hrabac\u00ed zahu\u0161\u0165ova\u010de), \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 koncentrovan\u00fd roztok hlinitanu sodn\u00e9ho vhodn\u00fd pro sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed na trihydr\u00e1t oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho. Hrub\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice se extrahuj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed hrub\u00fdch cyklon\u016f, zat\u00edmco jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pevn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice se zachycuj\u00ed filtrac\u00ed; roztok se pak d\u00e1le chlad\u00ed, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ilo p\u0159esycen\u00ed, a pot\u00e9 se p\u0159e\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 do vysok\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eedel podobn\u00fdch silofiltr\u016fm; t\u00edm vznik\u00e1 vysr\u00e1\u017een\u00fd hydr\u00e1t oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd se pak mus\u00ed p\u0159ed rozkladem na komer\u010dn\u011b \u010dist\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd propl\u00e1chnout, filtrovat a vysu\u0161it2 .<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i Hallov\u011b-Heroultov\u011b elektrolytick\u00e9m procesu se kovov\u00fd hlin\u00edk s mal\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm feritov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed (drobn\u00fdch ne\u010distot) odd\u011bluje od roztaven\u00e9 soli (sm\u011bsi chloridu sodn\u00e9ho a chloridu v\u00e1penat\u00e9ho) pr\u016fchodem elektrick\u00e9ho proudu roztokem hlinitanu obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho uhl\u00edk z anodov\u00e9 elektrody, kde uhl\u00edk reaguje s dal\u0161\u00edmi ne\u010distotami za vzniku b\u00edle krystalick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny zvan\u00e9 hlinitan, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do velk\u00fdch udr\u017eovac\u00edch pec\u00ed, kde se odstra\u0148uj\u00ed ne\u010distoty a p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed se leguj\u00edc\u00ed prvky, aby se z\u00edskal \u010dist\u00fd hlin\u00edk.<\/p>\n<p>Udr\u017een\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b ne\u010distot v procesu Bayer blow down stream pod p\u0159edem stanoven\u00fdmi \u00farovn\u011bmi je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm \u00fakolem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se z\u00e1rove\u0148 produkuje odpadn\u00ed voda, kterou lze vypou\u0161t\u011bt p\u0159\u00edmo do p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch recipient\u016f bez dal\u0161\u00edho \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Aby se tento \u00fakol poda\u0159il, mus\u00ed se harmonicky spojit faktory, jako je \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zm\u011bn mineralogie bauxitu, optimalizace v\u00fdrobn\u00edch rychlost\u00ed, \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00edch reakc\u00ed, minimalizace ztr\u00e1t z usazenin \u010derven\u00e9ho bahna, aby se to poda\u0159ilo.<\/p>\n<h2>Taven\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Bauxit, horninu z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, lze t\u011b\u017eit a rafinovat na hlin\u00edk. P\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a rafinaci vznik\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed odpadn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu obsahuj\u00edc\u00edho toxick\u00e9 prvky, jako je TENORM (Trace Elements of Natural Origin). Hlin\u00edk pak putuje do hlin\u00edk\u00e1rny, kde se elektrol\u00fdzou p\u0159em\u011bn\u00ed na kov; aby se minimalizoval odpad vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i tomto procesu, bylo by prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, kdyby se na\u0161ly metody, jak co nejv\u00edce oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho znovu vyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je \u0161iroce vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n jako surovina v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, jako je sklo, porcel\u00e1n a kovov\u00e9 barvy pro automobily. Hlin\u00edk se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit i mnoha dal\u0161\u00edmi aplikacemi d\u00edky sv\u00e9 n\u00edzk\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 vodivosti, odolnosti v\u016f\u010di chemick\u00fdm vliv\u016fm, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed pevnosti a tvrdosti (9 na Mohsov\u011b stupnici tvrdosti).<\/p>\n<p>V r\u00e1mci t\u011b\u017eby a rafinace oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je nutn\u00e9 vy\u010distit p\u016fdu od vegetace a strom\u016f, kter\u00e9 by mohly br\u00e1nit provozu. Bauxit se rozb\u00edj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed trhac\u00edch prac\u00ed, vrt\u00e1n\u00ed, trh\u00e1n\u00ed a velmi velk\u00fdch buldozer\u016f, ne\u017e se nalo\u017e\u00ed na n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobily, \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed vagony nebo dopravn\u00edkov\u00e9 p\u00e1sy a p\u0159eprav\u00ed do rafineri\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch v bl\u00edzkosti.<\/p>\n<p>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku procesu rafinace oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se oxid hlinit\u00fd rozbije a pono\u0159\u00ed do roztoku \u017e\u00edrav\u00e9 sody, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikne p\u0159esycen\u00fd roztok hlinitanu sodn\u00e9ho. Pot\u00e9 se p\u0159enese do kalov\u00e9ho reaktoru, kde se zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, aby se odstranila chemicky slou\u010den\u00e1 voda procesem zn\u00e1m\u00fdm jako kalcinace, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 ztuhl\u00fd hydr\u00e1t oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd se pak skladuje v cihlami oblo\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch, ne\u017e se do nich zavedou uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 anody a projde jimi elektrick\u00fd proud, aby se oxid hlinit\u00fd elektrolyzoval na \u010dist\u00fd hlin\u00edk, kter\u00fd se pak p\u0159enese zp\u011bt do n\u00e1dob a nakonec se p\u0159enese zp\u011bt do odl\u00e9v\u00e1ren, kde se ru\u010dn\u00edm odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm formuj\u00ed sochory r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvar\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Po roz\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed polotovar\u016f na ingoty se z nich v\u00e1lcuj\u00ed dlouh\u00e9 ty\u010de zvan\u00e9 armovac\u00ed pruty, kter\u00e9 se pak mohou \u0159ezat na r\u016fzn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky a podle toho pou\u017e\u00edvat. Nakonec se tyto dlouh\u00e9 ty\u010de roztav\u00ed a vyrob\u00ed se z nich ingoty pro dal\u0161\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Casting<\/h2>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm prvkem dne\u0161n\u00edho modern\u00edho sv\u011bta, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u0161ude, od budov a automobil\u016f a\u017e po obaly a sportovn\u00ed vybaven\u00ed. Hlin\u00edk se v\u0161ak nevyskytuje p\u0159irozen\u011b jako \u010dist\u00fd kov, ale proch\u00e1z\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdm procesem p\u0159em\u011bny ze sv\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu jako bauxitov\u00e1 ruda na lehk\u00fd kov, kter\u00fd dnes v\u0161ichni zn\u00e1me a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me.<\/p>\n<p>Bauxit se nejprve t\u011b\u017e\u00ed ze zem\u011b pomoc\u00ed vrt\u016f, trhac\u00edch prac\u00ed a trhac\u00edch prac\u00ed s velk\u00fdmi buldozery. Pot\u00e9 se drt\u00ed a pere a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do nedalek\u00e9 rafinerie oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 k v\u00fdrob\u011b oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Bayer\u016fv rafina\u010dn\u00ed proces.<\/p>\n<p>Hork\u00fd roztok \u017e\u00edrav\u00e9 sody se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k rozpou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed miner\u00e1l\u016f obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch hlin\u00edk, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v bauxitu (gibsitu, bohmitu a diasporu), za vzniku p\u0159esycen\u00e9ho roztoku hlinitanu sodn\u00e9ho, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako pregnantn\u00ed louh, kter\u00fd se pak pos\u00edl\u00e1 ke kalcinaci v peci na oxid hlinit\u00fd (Al2O3), kde se kalcinuje, a pot\u00e9 se promyje, vysu\u0161\u00ed a znovu zah\u0159eje, aby se odvedla ve\u0161ker\u00e1 zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed krystaliza\u010dn\u00ed voda a vznikl vysoce \u010dist\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd, kter\u00fd pak tvo\u0159\u00ed such\u00fd b\u00edl\u00fd p\u00eds\u010dit\u00fd materi\u00e1l zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako hydr\u00e1t oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u00edch, v\u010detn\u011b \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, chemick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f a surovin, jako je s\u00e1dra a oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd; \u010d\u00e1st se dokonce recykluje zp\u011bt do samotn\u00e9ho procesu rafinace.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i rafinaci oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vznikaj\u00ed dv\u011b a\u017e t\u0159i tuny odpadu na ka\u017edou vyrobenou tunu; s t\u011bmito materi\u00e1ly, zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi jako \u010derven\u00e9 bahno, je t\u0159eba zach\u00e1zet opatrn\u011b, aby se minimalizovaly dopady na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Po rafinaci se oxid hlinit\u00fd odl\u00e9v\u00e1 do ingot\u016f, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch. Mohou b\u00fdt v\u00e1lcov\u00e1ny do plech\u016f, f\u00f3li\u00ed a ty\u010d\u00ed, ta\u017eeny do dr\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou spl\u00e9t\u00e1ny do kabel\u016f pro elektrick\u00e9 p\u0159enosov\u00e9 veden\u00ed, tvarov\u00e1ny do slo\u017eit\u00fdch tvar\u016f nebo lisov\u00e1ny do profil\u016f, jako jsou okenn\u00ed r\u00e1my, a dokonce mohou b\u00fdt znovu recyklov\u00e1ny do ingot\u016f - hlin\u00edk je tedy nekone\u010dn\u011b recyklovateln\u00fd kov! Krom\u011b toho existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 slitiny, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed specifick\u00e9 vlastnosti pro spln\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n<h2>Recyklace<\/h2>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je jedn\u00edm z nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kov\u016f, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v mnoha v\u00fdrobc\u00edch od plechovek na sodovku a\u017e po sou\u010d\u00e1sti automobil\u016f, ale v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b se nevyskytuje v \u010dist\u00e9 form\u011b. M\u00edsto toho se mus\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vat z bauxitov\u00fdch hornin obsahuj\u00edc\u00edch r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy oxid\u016f hlin\u00edku a rafinovat na oxid hlinit\u00fd, ne\u017e se z n\u011bj nakonec stane hlin\u00edk v tomto t\u0159\u00edstup\u0148ov\u00e9m procesu, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje zdroje energie i vody.<\/p>\n<p>T\u011b\u017eba oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vy\u017eaduje v r\u00e1mci t\u011b\u017eebn\u00edho procesu nejprve odstran\u011bn\u00ed nadlo\u017e\u00ed - vrstev horniny a j\u00edlu pokr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch bauxit - pomoc\u00ed trhac\u00edch nebo vrtac\u00edch metod. Po uvoln\u011bn\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tento materi\u00e1l nalo\u017een na n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobily a p\u0159evezen do z\u00e1vodu na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p>V z\u00e1vod\u011b na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed bauxitu se ruda drt\u00ed, aby se zmen\u0161ila jej\u00ed velikost, a pot\u00e9 se pono\u0159\u00ed do hork\u00e9 \u017e\u00edrav\u00e9 sody, kde se rozpust\u00ed miner\u00e1ly obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed hlin\u00edk, jako je gibbsit a bohmit, a pot\u00e9 se odd\u011bl\u00ed od oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho a vznikne roztok p\u0159esycen\u00fd hlinitanem sodn\u00fdm, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako t\u011bhotn\u00fd louh.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00e1st kalu se zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 na hydroxid hlinit\u00fd, b\u011b\u017en\u011bji ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako ha\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00e1pno, zat\u00edmco zbytek se pos\u00edl\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmo do rafinerie oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, kde jeho slo\u017eky podl\u00e9haj\u00ed chemick\u00fdm reakc\u00edm, p\u0159i nich\u017e se z n\u011bj stane kovov\u00fd hlin\u00edk.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je nepostradateln\u00fd pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch od v\u00fdroby plast\u016f a\u017e po brusiva. Hlin\u00edk hraje tak\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v mnoha typech zpomalova\u010d\u016f ho\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee je t\u011b\u017eba a rafinace oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vysoce recyklovateln\u00e1, z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed s jeho t\u011b\u017ebou a rafinaci spojeny ur\u010dit\u00e9 environment\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b hluk, ergonomick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, riziko \u00farazu a pot\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee nebo o\u010d\u00ed \u017e\u00edravou sodou. Bauxitov\u00fd prach i pr\u00e1\u0161ek oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho jsou nav\u00edc spojov\u00e1ny s respira\u010dn\u00edmi komplikacemi v\u010detn\u011b podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed nebo z\u00e1n\u011btu plic.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pracovn\u00edci hl\u00e1sili zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, jako je rakovina, onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin a po\u0161kozen\u00ed jater, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159isuzov\u00e1ny expozici bauxitov\u00e9mu prachu a prachu z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho a r\u016fzn\u00fdm kontaminuj\u00edc\u00edm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m; proveden\u00e9 studie v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9 osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b a rafinaci z\u0159ejm\u011b nezvy\u0161uj\u00ed riziko t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr Donoghue and Mr Frisch are full-time employees of Alcoa of Australia. Bauxite is the primary raw material for producing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alumina-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":103,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102\/revisions\/103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}