![\"Typy](\"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Types-of-Alumina-Ceramic-Substrates-for-PCBs.jpg\")
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Oxid hlinit\u00fd (zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako oxid hlinit\u00fd) je modern\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd lze konsolidac\u00ed a slinov\u00e1n\u00edm tvarovat do r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvar\u016f, tak\u017ee je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch i l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Keramick\u00e9 pr\u016fchodky na kov, rentgenov\u00e9 komponenty a elektrick\u00e1 pouzdra t\u011b\u017e\u00ed ze sv\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti, chemick\u00e9 odolnosti a odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, tepeln\u00e9 stability a vysok\u00fdch dielektrick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm hermetick\u00fdm vlastnostem jsou tak\u00e9 dobrou volbou.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed elektrick\u00fd izolant a jeden z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pokro\u010dil\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 elektrick\u00e9 izolace a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je vysoce odoln\u00fd proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a korozi. D\u00edky t\u00e9to vlastnosti se korundov\u00e1 keramika za\u010dala s oblibou pou\u017e\u00edvat v \u010derpadlech, automobilov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1ch, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch studi\u00edch, obrann\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch a tak\u00e9 v glazur\u00e1ch (i mal\u00e9 procento a\u017e 5% m\u016f\u017ee prop\u016fj\u010dit kamenn\u011b matn\u00e9 efekty \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed pro ur\u010dit\u00e9 dekorativn\u00ed efekty).<\/p>\n
Tabulov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed slinov\u00e1n\u00edm kalcinovan\u00e9ho pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho do desek. Nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou stabilitu, pevnost a chemickou odolnost - je schopen odol\u00e1vat teplot\u00e1m a\u017e 1650 stup\u0148\u016f C\/3000 stup\u0148\u016f F, ani\u017e by ztratil 50% sv\u00e9 pevnosti v tahu, a odol\u00e1v\u00e1 kyselin\u00e1m nebo alkalick\u00fdm roztok\u016fm.<\/p>\n
Jin\u00e9 pokro\u010dil\u00e9 keramiky maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 vlastnosti jako oxid hlinit\u00fd, v\u010detn\u011b vysok\u00e9ho odporu a pevnosti, ale na komer\u010dn\u00ed b\u00e1zi se jim neda\u0159\u00ed konkurovat. BeO je toxick\u00fd a drah\u00fd, zat\u00edmco BN je cenov\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale m\u00e1 mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed tepelnou vodivost - oxid hlinit\u00fd v\u0161ak nab\u00edz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou v\u00fdhodu, kterou je snadn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a pr\u00e1ce s n\u00edm.<\/p>\n
Oxid hlinit\u00fd 99% m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanick\u00e9, tepeln\u00e9 a elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti. Odol\u00e1v\u00e1 teplot\u00e1m od 1600 do 1700 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia a m\u00e1 silnou odolnost v\u016f\u010di kyselin\u00e1m a z\u00e1sad\u00e1m a dob\u0159e funguje i za vysok\u00e9ho tlaku. Krom\u011b toho tento materi\u00e1l spl\u0148uje p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na povrchovou \u00fapravu a rovinnost p\u0159i obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed nebo tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed do slo\u017eit\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a krit\u00e9ria biokompatibility\/inertnosti jej p\u0159edur\u010duj\u00ed k pou\u017eit\u00ed ve zdravotnictv\u00ed; nav\u00edc se d\u00edky sv\u00fdm vlastnostem tvrdosti\/pevnosti dob\u0159e hod\u00ed pro aplikace z nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9 keramiky.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika se \u010dasto vyr\u00e1b\u00ed jako kompozity s kovovou matric\u00ed vyztu\u017een\u00e9 vl\u00e1kny, kter\u00e9 lze sp\u00e9kat nebo lisovat a vytv\u00e1\u0159et tak slo\u017eit\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti s vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi mechanick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Tyto kompozity se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v aplikac\u00edch, jako jsou \u0159ezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, v\u00fdlisky a trysky, stejn\u011b jako t\u0159ec\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1sti p\u00edstov\u00fdch motor\u016f nebo strojn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako olympijsk\u00e9 no\u017ee brusl\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed dielektrickou pevnost a tepelnou vodivost, av\u0161ak jej\u00ed choulostiv\u00e1 povaha vy\u017eaduje opatrn\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed, aby nedo\u0161lo k po\u0161kozen\u00ed. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru materi\u00e1lu z korundov\u00e9 keramiky pro va\u0161i aplikaci vezm\u011bte v \u00favahu pot\u0159eby v\u00fdkonu, specifikace nap\u011bt\u00ed a teplotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky - pot\u00e9 je vyhodno\u0165te s ohledem na v\u00e1\u0161 rozpo\u010det a vyberte korundovou keramiku, kter\u00e1 tato krit\u00e9ria nejl\u00e9pe spl\u0148uje.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edk 96% (Al2O3) je jedn\u00edm z nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch keramick\u00fdch substr\u00e1t\u016f pro aplikace na desk\u00e1ch plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, kter\u00fd se vyzna\u010duje v\u00fdjime\u010dnou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed, mechanickou pevnost\u00ed a odolnost\u00ed proti ot\u011bru. Tato hust\u00e1 keramika m\u00e1 nav\u00edc n\u00edzkou p\u00f3rovitost, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00e1 pro tlustovrstv\u00e9 aplikace, jako jsou hybridn\u00ed substr\u00e1ty pro desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f a sou\u010d\u00e1stky, a tak\u00e9 pro aplikace p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bdi.<\/p>\n
Substr\u00e1ty z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho 99% lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm do p\u00e1sky nebo such\u00fdm lisov\u00e1n\u00edm s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edsadami, jako je chrom, titan a sod\u00edk. Tyto p\u0159\u00edm\u011bsi ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed vlastnosti keramiky, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed tepelnou vodivost, mechanickou pevnost, odolnost proti ot\u011bru a odolnost proti kysel\u00e9 a alkalick\u00e9 korozi, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zvy\u0161uj\u00ed jej\u00ed v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako panc\u00ed\u0159 na vozidlech. Po p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00ed k aramidov\u00e9 tkanin\u011b nebo tkanin\u011b Dyneema poskytuje aluminokeramika dvojn\u00e1sobnou ochranu ne\u017e ocelov\u00fd panc\u00ed\u0159 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je leh\u010d\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto rezav\u00ed, rychleji odv\u00e1d\u00ed teplo a rychleji se zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 ne\u017e kovov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. Bohu\u017eel, a\u010dkoli nen\u00ed nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e1, m\u00e1 korundov\u00e1 keramika sv\u00e1 omezen\u00ed; expozice p\u0159i koncentrac\u00edch vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e 0.38 mg\/l zp\u016fsobila u mor\u010dat z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed plicn\u00edho pr\u016ftoku vzduchu, co\u017e vedlo k omezen\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, kter\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eilo pr\u016ftok vzduchu jejich t\u011blem, co\u017e vedlo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kapacity plic, co\u017e vedlo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed funkce plic, co\u017e vedlo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku v d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest\u00e1ch, co\u017e vedlo k p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, proto\u017ee mor\u010data, u nich\u017e do\u0161lo k omezen\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu, p\u0159i vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobila z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu v jejich t\u011ble, co\u017e m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b zp\u016fsobilo omezen\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu d\u00fdchac\u00edmi cestami v d\u016fsledku omezen\u00e9 rychlosti odvodu tepla ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ocel\u00ed v d\u016fsledku rychlej\u0161\u00ed rychlosti odvodu tepla ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ocel\u00ed zp\u016fsobilo z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu plicemi b\u011bhem 12 minut p\u0159i expozici 0.38 mg\/l zp\u016fsobilo u mor\u010dat vystaven\u00fdch expozici omezen\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu v plicn\u00edm \u0159e\u010di\u0161ti. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b mor\u010data vystaven\u00e1 expozici o koncentraci 0,38 mg\/l, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobila z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed plicn\u00edho pr\u016ftoku vzduchu a zp\u016fsobila omezen\u00ed plicn\u00edho pr\u016ftoku vzduchu, zp\u016fsobila z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed plicn\u00edho pr\u016ftoku vzduchu vedouc\u00ed k omezen\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, co\u017e se projevilo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm kapacity plic z expozice; a\u010dkoli expozice vedla ke z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed, proto\u017ee u nich do\u0161lo ke z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed b\u011bhem 8 minut v d\u016fsledku rozptylu tepla zp\u016fsobila sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed plicn\u00edho pr\u016ftoku vzduchu po inhala\u010dn\u00ed expozici p\u0159i 0.38 mg\/l koncentraci zp\u016fsobila z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed plicn\u00edho pr\u016ftoku vzduchu, kter\u00e9 bylo zp\u016fsobeno prasat\u016fm po expozici inhalaci zp\u016fsobilo z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed v d\u016fsledku expozice inhalaci nebylo zji\u0161t\u011bno nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9; expozice inhala\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1vce zp\u016fsobila siln\u00e9 z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed b\u011bhem 2 minut zp\u016fsobila omezen\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu plic z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed b\u011bhem minut, kter\u00e9 vedlo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu plic po expozici v d\u016fsledku z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edho b\u011bhem 48 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu plic p\u0159i expozici zp\u016fsobilo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed v d\u016fsledku z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed o v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 hodinu pozd\u011bji, kter\u00e9 vedlo k d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed v d\u016fsledku z\u00fa\u017een\u00ed pr\u016ftoku vzduchu plic inguiny jim zp\u016fsobily.<\/p>\n
Alfa-alumina, ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako alfa-alumina, se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tvrdost\u00ed a odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di tlaku a tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm, co\u017e z n\u00ed \u010din\u00ed spolehlivou volbu materi\u00e1lu pro aplikace, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed chemickou a plazmovou odolnost izola\u010dn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed, jako jsou polovodi\u010de, komponenty pro plazmov\u00e9 lept\u00e1n\u00ed, komponenty jadern\u00fdch izol\u00e1tor\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed vysokonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 aplikace. Obvykle se vyskytuje v aplikac\u00edch pro v\u00fdrobu polovodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n
Korund-hlin\u00edk je extr\u00e9mn\u011b tvrd\u00e1 a stabiln\u00ed forma oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho s krystalovou strukturou podobnou korundu (rub\u00ednu a saf\u00edru). B\u011b\u017en\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako abrazivum i jako keramika pro aplikace s vysok\u00fdm opot\u0159eben\u00edm, jako jsou \u0159ezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, a tak\u00e9 pro aplikace p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, jako jsou plynov\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly pro elektr\u00e1rny.<\/p>\n
\u010c\u00e1stice oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho mohou odol\u00e1vat atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 korozi t\u00edm, \u017ee se na jejich povrchu vytvo\u0159\u00ed ochrann\u00e1 pasiva\u010dn\u00ed vrstva oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje reakci kov\u016f s atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdm kysl\u00edkem, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem k pos\u00edlen\u00ed t\u00e9to bari\u00e9ry. Hlinit\u00fd prach m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 protierozn\u00ed vlastnosti a je vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro vyzd\u00edvky kotl\u016f na uhl\u00ed nebo palivov\u00fdch potrub\u00ed; nav\u00edc je velmi odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di erozi, co\u017e z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro vyzd\u00edvky. Hlinit\u00fd prach m\u016f\u017ee \u010dasem zp\u016fsobit po\u0161kozen\u00ed plic, ale d\u00edky nerozpou\u0161t\u011bc\u00edm vlastnostem p\u0159i inhala\u010dn\u00edch studi\u00edch s radioaktivn\u011b zna\u010den\u00fdm 26Al se z plic pracovn\u00edk\u016f dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle vy\u010dist\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Elektricky izolovan\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty 96% Al2O3 jsou d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed hospod\u00e1rnosti, odolnosti proti ot\u011bru, tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti a mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti ekonomicky v\u00fdhodnou volbou, ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro tlustovrstvou elektroniku nebo v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm dielektrick\u00fdm vlastnostem jsou vhodn\u00e9 i pro keramick\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n
\u010cistota korundov\u00e9 keramiky je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed p\u0159i posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed jej\u00edho v\u00fdkonu a pou\u017eit\u00ed. Keramika s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010distotou je obvykle vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro aplikace v elektronice a nab\u00edz\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed odolnost proti korozi a opot\u0159eben\u00ed; existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak v\u00fdjimky: n\u011bkdy je pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed vhodn\u00fd i \u010dist\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd 85%.<\/p>\n
V\u00fdrobky na b\u00e1zi oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b keramick\u00fdch komponent, jako jsou kel\u00edmky, \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 pecn\u00ed trubky a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed materi\u00e1ly odoln\u00e9 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Hlin\u00edk se tak\u00e9 \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako t\u011bsnic\u00ed materi\u00e1l kolem kov\u016f, jako je molybden, niob a tantal - nab\u00edz\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chemickou odolnost a z\u00e1rove\u0148 d\u00edky n\u011bmu jsou p\u00e1jen\u00e9 spoje pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mnohem pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed - m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 dobrou tepelnou vodivost a jsou tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 keramika z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho (nebo \"b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 ALC\"). Zirkoniov\u00e1 hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika (ZTA) byla ozna\u010dov\u00e1na za lep\u0161\u00ed alternativu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010distou ALC; mohou v\u0161ak existovat obavy z povrchov\u00e9ho hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00edho st\u00e1rnut\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s povrchov\u00fdm hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00edm st\u00e1rnut\u00edm, kter\u00e9 by mohlo \u010dasem v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n
Tento typ oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je zn\u00e1m\u00fd svou vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepelnou vodivost\u00ed, n\u00edzk\u00fdm koeficientem rozta\u017enosti, odolnost\u00ed proti chemick\u00e9 korozi a tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm. Proto\u017ee dob\u0159e odol\u00e1v\u00e1 i tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm, je tento materi\u00e1l dobrou volbou pro aplikace, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysokou \u00farove\u0148 elektrick\u00e9 izolace, a tak\u00e9 pro procesy metalizace v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n
Medic\u00ednsk\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd je tak\u00e9 ide\u00e1ln\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b opot\u0159ebiteln\u00fdch trysek a vod\u00edtek pro krevn\u00ed ventily, nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest pro vojensk\u00fd person\u00e1l a hermetick\u00fdch t\u011bsnic\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 pevnosti v tlaku, pevnosti v ohybu, hermetick\u00fdm vlastnostem a tak\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm pevnostn\u00edm charakteristik\u00e1m v tlaku a ohybu tento materi\u00e1l vynik\u00e1, pokud jde o keramicko-kovov\u00e9 pr\u016fchodky a tak\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed v rentgenov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1ch, elektronov\u00fdch mikroskopech a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch s vysok\u00fdm vakuem.<\/p>\n
Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 expozice oxidu hlinit\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed a horn\u00edch cest d\u00fdchac\u00edch, zat\u00edmco dlouhodob\u00e1 expozice m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k hypertrofii plic, z\u00e1n\u011btu plic a fibr\u00f3ze; nav\u00edc je toxick\u00fd pro centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, a proto je t\u0159eba s n\u00edm u lid\u00ed i jin\u00fdch \u017eiv\u00fdch tvor\u016f zach\u00e1zet opatrn\u011b. Pro tuto chemickou l\u00e1tku poskytuje HSDB rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 toxikologick\u00e9 \u00fadaje ze studi\u00ed na laboratorn\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159atech i z jin\u00fdch zdroj\u016f.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika je tvrd\u00fd a trvanliv\u00fd materi\u00e1l s vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost\u00ed proti ot\u011bru, chemicky inertn\u00edmi vlastnostmi, d\u00edky nim\u017e je odoln\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di kyselin\u00e1m a z\u00e1sad\u00e1m p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, a dobr\u00fdmi elektrick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi (n\u00edzk\u00fd odpor), kter\u00e9 ji \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro vodi\u010de a dielektrika.<\/p>\n
Tento typ oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu pr\u016fchodek mezi keramikou a kovem a pr\u016fchodek pro rentgenov\u00e9 komponenty, odleh\u010dovac\u00edch kuli\u010dek a izol\u00e1tor\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, tepeln\u00e9m zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a speci\u00e1ln\u00edch kel\u00edmk\u016f, odleh\u010dovac\u00edch kuli\u010dek pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a speci\u00e1ln\u00edch kel\u00edmk\u016f. D\u00e1le mohou b\u00fdt k dispozici monolitick\u00e9 dla\u017edice s dvojit\u00fdm zak\u0159iven\u00edm pro ergonomick\u00e9 aplikace v nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest\u00e1ch pro lep\u0161\u00ed ergonomick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00fdch vest.<\/p>\n
Keramika m\u00e1 v\u00fdjime\u010dnou odolnost proti ot\u011bru a erozi, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00e1 pro mnoho pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. Velk\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos maj\u00ed tak\u00e9 l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 implant\u00e1ty a nepr\u016fst\u0159eln\u00e9 vesty vyroben\u00e9 z tohoto materi\u00e1lu. Krom\u011b toho jeho odolnost v\u016f\u010di tepeln\u00fdm \u0161ok\u016fm dosahuje teplot a\u017e 1 600C (2910F). Krom\u011b toho se dod\u00e1v\u00e1 jak v hust\u00e9 (mullit), tak v por\u00e9zn\u00ed (korund) form\u011b, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje v\u00fdrobn\u00ed procesy.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 keramika je velmi tvrd\u00e1 a m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti, je odoln\u00e1 proti ot\u011bru, chemick\u00e9mu p\u016fsoben\u00ed, oxidaci a korozi a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je nepor\u00e9zn\u00ed a hust\u00e1, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00e1 pro tlakov\u00e9 senzory, ter\u010de pro napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, povlaky lo\u017eisek a sou\u010d\u00e1stky elektronov\u00fdch trubic a laser\u016f. Jejich n\u00edzk\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 rozta\u017enost umo\u017e\u0148uje izostatick\u00e9 lisov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 omezuje r\u016fst zrn p\u0159i procesech lisov\u00e1n\u00ed s vysokou hustotou.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd materi\u00e1l pro tuto odr\u016fdu oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho poch\u00e1z\u00ed z bauxitu, materi\u00e1lu podobn\u00e9ho j\u00edlu bohat\u00e9ho na hlin\u00edk, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Po vyt\u011b\u017een\u00ed a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed mokr\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm procesem lou\u017een\u00ed \u017e\u00edravinou zvan\u00fdm Bayer\u016fv proces vznik\u00e1 pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd vhodn\u00fd pro \u0159adu aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Hlin\u00edk lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt n\u011bkolika v\u00fdrobn\u00edmi technikami, v\u010detn\u011b jednoos\u00e9ho a izostatick\u00e9ho lisov\u00e1n\u00ed, vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed a vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed. Po vytvarov\u00e1n\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt hotov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti dokon\u010deny pomoc\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9ho brou\u0161en\u00ed\/klap\u00e1n\u00ed\/laserov\u00e9ho obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch proces\u016f.<\/p>\n
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Alumina (also known as aluminum oxide) is an advanced refractory that can be formed into various shapes through consolidation and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77\/revisions\/203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aluminaceramics.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}